The Sixth Commandment It is hard to imagine what events would kill off large segments of the population (P in the Kaya Identity). Many people think that war would be one solution, but in fact, this has killed relatively few in the past (bad though war is). World War I, for example, accounted for over 17 million deaths (10 million military and 7 million civilians) while World War II resulted in 70-85 million casualties (about 3% of the 1940 world population of 2.3bn). Leading Causes of Death New diseases, surprisingly, also kill relatively few. HIV has so far accounted for 88.4 million infections (mostly in sub-Saharan Africa) with 42.3 million deaths. In 2023, this equated to 630,000 deaths. Tuberculosis killed 1.25 million. Influenza 700,000. Malaria kills 597,000 people each year, with a predominance of children, which has motivated the Bill Gates Foundation to focus on this disease. Poliomyelitis killed 350,000 in 1988, but today it accounts for very few morta...